Difference between Replication and Transcription

S.N.CharacteristicsReplicationTranscription
1.DefinitionDNA replication is the process of making two daughter strand where each daughter strand contains half of the original DNA double helix.Transcription is the process of synthesis of RNA using DNA as a template.
2.PurposeTo conserve the entire genome for next generation.To make RNA copies of individual genes.
3.Enzymes RequiredDNA Helicase, DNA PolymeraseTranscriptase (type of DNA Helicase), RNA polymerase
4.OccurrenceOccurs in the S phase of cell cycle.Occurs in the G1 and G2 phases of cell cycle.
5.Raw MaterialsdATP, dGTP, dTTP and dCTP serve as raw materials.ATP, UTP, GTP and CTP serve as raw materials.
6.OccurrenceOccurs along the strands of DNA.Occurs along one strand of DNA.
7.OccurrenceOccurs in preparation for cell division.Occurs in preparation for protein translation.
8.BondReplicated DNA strand remains hydrogen bonded to its template DNA strand.Transcribed RNA strand separates from its DNA template strand.
9.PrimersIt require RNA primer to start replication.No primer is required to start.
10.ProductsTwo Daughter StrandsmRNA, tRNA, rRNA and non-coding RNA( like microRNA)
11.ProductsProducts remain within nucleus.Greater part of the product passes from nucleus into the cytoplasm.
12.ProductsProducts are not degraded.Products are degraded after their function of over.
13.CopyingIt involves copying of the entire genome.It involves copying of certain individual genes only.
14.Unwinding and SplittingIt involves unwinding and splitting of the entire DNA molecule.It involves unwinding and splitting of only those genes which are to be transcribed.
15.ProcessingIt produces normal DNA molecules that do not need any processing.It produces primary RNA transcript molecule which needs processing to acquire final form and size.

References

  1. https://www.diffen.com/difference/Replication_vs_Transcription
  2. https://www.majordifferences.com/2013/10/difference-replication-vs-and.html#.V_UETuh97IU
  3. https://sciencing.com/difference-between-transcription-dna-replication-9038.html
  4. https://www.reference.com/education/difference-between-replication-transcription-708162c4db5645b9#
  5. https://www.shmoop.com/gene-regulation-protein-synthesis/transcription-replication-differences.html
  6. https://www.quora.com/What-are-some-differences-between-transcription-and-DNA-replication
  7. https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-differences-among-replication-transcription-and-translation
  8. https://www.atdbio.com/content/14/Transcription-Translation-and-Replication
  9. https://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-dna-replication-and-vs-transcription/
  10. Comparing and Contrasting DNA Replication, Transcription, and Translation in a Student-Centered Environment. Amy Cash. Department of Biology. Teagle Collegium Course Portfolio
  11. DNA, RNA, replication, translation, and transcription. M. S. Shell 2009.
  12. Relations Between Replication and Transcription. Daniel Castro-Roa and Nikolay Zenkin. Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences. Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.

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